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CONVOY HX 138
Departed Halifax on July 11-1941 and arrived Liverpool on July 27.
Arnold Hague's "The Allied Convoy System" agrees with 47 ships in this convoy.

(Will be updated - please compare with A. Hague's listing for this convoy at ships in all HX convoys. See also HX escorts).

Transcribed from several documents received from Roger Griffiths (Advance Sailing Telegram) - His source: Public Records Office, Kew.

Crossed out ships did not sail - underlined ships returned to port.

The A 1 form is not available and, therefore, stations are not known, but see A. Hague's listing for HX 138 at Ships in all HX convoys, which also explains why some of these ships returned to port.

Ship
Nationality
Cargo
Destination
Remarks
Varanger
Norwegian
Tanker B
Clyde
From HX 137
(see also ON 3)
Aruba
Dutch
steel - lumber
Bristol
From HX 137
Vanja
Norwegian
Adm. tanker B
Clyde
Sailed in HX 139
Spinanger
"
Adm. tanker B
Clyde
Biafra
British
general
Manchester
Returned to Halifax
(does not show up again until SC 67)
Thorshøvdi
Norwegian
Tanker B
Manchester
From HX 137
Returned to Halifax
(does not show up again until HX 151)
Mirlo
"
Tanker B
Clyde
Empire Steel
British
Tanker W
Swansea
From HX 137
El Aleto
"
Tanker B
London
From HX 137
Stigstad
Norwegian
Tanker B
Manchester
From HX 137
Comanchee
British
Tanker B
Mersey
Returned to Halifax
Sailed in HX 140
Ville d'Anvers
Belgian
general
Mersey
Heranger
Norwegian
general
Mersey
City of Yokohama
British
general
Manchester
Garonne
Norwegian
Tanker W
Milford Haven / Southampton
From HX 137
Daronia
British
Tanker
Avonmouth
Polar Chief
"
Tanker B
London
Also cancelled from HX 139
Listed in HX 141
City of Paris
"
none given
Mersey
Tai Shan
Norwegian
general
Mersey
Baron Graham
British
sulphur - special
Belfast / Hull
To SC 37
Roxane
French
Adm. tanker B
Clyde
From HX 137
Listed in HX 144
Solfonn
Norwegian
Tanker B
Mersey
Triton
Dutch
general
Cardiff
Ingria
Norwegian
general
London
Sailed in HX 139
Robert F. Hand
British
Tanker W
Avonmouth
San Emiliano
"
Tanker W
Manchester
British Diligence
"
Tanker W
Manchester
Returned to Halifax
Listed in HX 141
Lodestone
"
steel
Clyde f. o.
Sailed in HX 139
Mamura
Dutch
Tanker B
Grangemouth
Joined HX 139
Transferred to HX 140
Mendoza
British
general
Mersey
Taron
"
Tanker W
London
From HX 137
Empire Activity
"
steel - scrap - special
Leith
From SC 37
Newbury
"
general - wheat
London
Holmbury
"
wheat
Belfast / Clyde
From SC 37
Dalgoma
"
sugar - copper
Clyde
City of Guildford
"
general
Manchester
Historian
"
general
Clyde
Returned to Halifax
(does not show up again till HX 151)
Streefkerk
Dutch
general
Belfast (d.g.) / Liverpool
Dagrun
Norwegian
sugar
Clyde
From HX 137 (Bermuda section)
British Power
British
Tanker W
Clyde
Returned to Halifax
Listed in HX 141
Dorcasia
"
Tanker W
Avonmouth
Havsten
Norwegian
Tanker B
Milford Haven / Southampton
Barrister
British
general
Liverpool
Neleus
"
general
Mersey
Clausina
"
Tanker W
Hull
Kars
"
Tanker W
Manchester
Stylianos Chandris
Greek
wheat
Avonmouth
From HX 133
(dropped out - see notes below)
City of Oxford
British
sugar
Mersey
From HX 133
returned to St. John's
Sailed in HX 140
Zephyros
Greek
iron ore
Newport
New York City
British
trucks - general - explosives
Swansea
From HX 130
(see notes)
Prins Willem III
Dutch
sugar - rum
Mersey
From HX 137
Sydney Section (SHX) - Sailed July 13
Pachesham
British
steel - newsprint
London
Cairnesk
"
general
Leith
Elg
Norwegian
grain
London
Manchester Progress
British
general - refrig. - special
Holyhead / Manchester
Anna
Greek
grain
Avonmouth
To SC 37
Antar
British
flour - special
Leith
Broompark
"
flour
Mersey (Manchester)
Bic Island
Canadian
general
Swansea
Langleetarn
British
wheat
Barry dock
Dorelian
"
general
Clyde
Saint Bertrand
"*
general
Clyde
* Roy Martin has told me:
Sain Bertrand was the ex German Chemnitz (war prize). His sources: Lloyd's List and Lloyd's Register 1941/42.

Notes:
Commodore A. Macrae (D.S.C, R.D., R.N.R.) was in Cairnesk, Vice Commodore was Captain Cruikshanks of Robert F. Hand.

(One of the documents states that commodore was in Biafra, and that A. Macrae in Cairnesk was Vice Commodore - not sure what this means, but it could be that this info is for only parts of the convoy, which had ships from Sydney and St. John's, as well as from Halifax. Also, as can be seen above, Biafra returned to port).
Bristol Channel Commodore vessel - Robert F. Hand
Clyde Commodore vessel - Dorcasia.

Arrived rendezvous on July 23

Average speed - 6.09 knots.

The convoy had 47 ships - 45 present at rendezvous, Stylianos Chandris having dropped out of convoy during fog and bad visibility at approximately 22:00 on July 22 - 60 32N 25 12W, and New York City having left to join the slow Convoy 6 miles astern at 18:00 on July 24 - 59 57N 60 00W, as she could not maintain speed.

Rescue Vessel Zaafaran joined July 23 and remained until July 27.

Commodore Macrae says
that he found "navigation very difficult through Straits of Belle Isle owing to fog and ice. Altering course by sound 20 degs. at a time (i.e. making the True course to be altered to) was found to be a complete success after more than 24 hrs of continuous fog whilst navigating Straits of Belle Isle, during which time several alterations of course and speed (which could not be foreseen and arranged for in advance) were made the Convoy was still to be found intact. The remainder of the voyage was uneventful".

He suggests that "ships should be warned when in two columns and overtaking the ships ahead that they should pull outwards and not inwards. (This happened when leaving Liverpool in a fog on the outward voyage, nearly causing a collision. One ship the City of Auckland missed the convoy by returning to port, apparently due to this danger). Also when ships are in more than two columns in similar circumstances they should pull out to windward. (Turning to Leeward is liable to blow them foul of the next column, and causes more time to be wasted getting back, also causing attention to be diverted from keeping a look out for other dangers). This particularly applies to under powered light ships".

With the heading "Reducing the Front in an Emergency" the Commodore adds that the "signal at present for both Wing columns is not sufficient for this manoeuvre when in 9 (nine) columns, especially when entering The Minches or in the Straits of Belle Isle (where fog and ice make it dangerous to manoeuvre in Nine columns). It is suggested that the following signal may be inserted: "HZ" Columns indicated by distinguishing signal(s) hoisted superior take station astern of columns indicated by distinguishing signals hoisted inferior (he then gives an example of what he means, which I've attempted to duplicate in the following):

01, 02
HZ
03, 04
08, 09, HZ 06, 07
01
02
03
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07
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arrows pointing down
to next rows
(illegible text) (blank)
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arrows pointing down
to next rows
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.........thus reducing the front by half".

Ocean Escorts: HMS Broadwater, HMS Polyanthus, and HMCS St. Laurent joined at 16:30 on July 15 in 51 51N 54 59W.
HMS Burwell, HMS Richmond, HMCS Cobalt, HMCS Rimouski and Leith at 12:00 July 16 in 54 00N 51 20W.
Parted company at 06:30 on July 23 in 64 25N 24 00W.
Local Escorts: HMCS Napanee and HMCS Dauphin joined off Sydney at 02:30 on July 13 - parted company at 22:30 July 13 in 48 30N 59 40W.
HMCS Annopolis and HMCS St. Croix joined at 12:50 July 14 in 50 00N 58 00W - parted company at 21:00 July 15 in 52 21N 54 15W.
HMS Boadicea, HMS Beagle, HMS Orchis, St. Lomas, HMS Picotee, HMS Heather, HMS Roxborough, HMS Arab, and HMS Lady Madeleine joined at 04:00 July 23 in 60 25N 24 28W - parted company off Loch Ewe.
Air Escort: One (Hampden) off Belle Isle from the afternoon of July 15 until 22:10 same day in 52 29N 54 10W.

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